The Scope of Governmental Monitoring and Regulation of Cyberspace in Relation to Individual Privacy (Based on Imami Jurisprudence)

The government's actions in monitoring and regulating content in cyberspace are deemed necessary for various reasons, including the maintenance of a stable system, the preservation of the supremacy and authority of the state, and the promotion of religious values. On the contrary, general religious principles emphasize the prohibition of spying, highlighting the importance of respecting individuals' privacy. It is evident that the act of monitoring and regulating cyberspace can potentially infringe upon this privacy, particularly in terms of information and communication privacy. Given that the extent of governmental intervention in monitoring and regulating cyberspace, as well as the prohibition of infringing upon individuals' communication and informational privacy, is not clearly defined in Imami jurisprudence, the question of how much intervention is permissible raises a significant problem. It is essential to delve further into this issue to arrive at an appropriate and satisfactory resolution. The preservation of the Islamic system, the maintenance of the supremacy and authority of the Islamic state, and the establishment of religion are among the reasons that justify the exercise of authority in monitoring and regulating cyberspace, even if it infringes upon privacy. However, a careful analysis of the evidence suggests the hypothesis that these governance practices should be conducted based on scientific principles while observing the limits of necessity. It is crucial to ensure that such measures are implemented without disclosing individuals' hidden secrets within this realm. This article aims to explore the limitations and deficiencies in the evidence relating to monitoring and regulating cyberspace while safeguarding individuals' information privacy. It seeks to elucidate the jurisprudential factors contributing to privacy violations. To achieve this objective, the methodology employed involves collecting library data and analyzing jurisprudential propositions. The outcome of this analysis is the examination and clarification of the extent to which governmental intervention in monitoring and regulating cyberspace is permissible in relation to individuals' privacy